Potencialidade de uso do fungo liquenizado Parmotrema wrightii Ferraro & Elix como biomonitor para metais poluentes na região metropolitana de Imperatriz MA.

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the potential use of the lichen Parmotrema wrightii Ferraro & Elix as biomonitor for pollutants metals in the metropolitan region of Imperatriz - MA. The collections of the lichens were held in São Paulo farm located 5 km far from Itaguatins in the state of Tocantins. The samples were transferred to 10 points on trees along the road, BR-010, which crosses the city of Imperatriz and collected with 15 and 30 days of exposure. After this period, the concentrations of metals in the lichens were quantified by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). The readings were performed in two stages. In addition, anatomical analyzes were performed to observe if the layer of algae decreased, since this layer is responsible for the power supplies of symbiosis, if it decreases or disappears, it means that the lichen is dying. The lead concentrations were higher at the first 15 days, the variable that influenced this result were the rains that precipitated at this time interval. In relation to the iron concentrations, they were high as in samples of 15 days as in the ones of 30 days, highlighting some points that are in the air with nearby settlements. About the chromium and cadmium, their concentrations were very low. The data obtained shows that the lichen Parmotrema wrightii Ferraro & Elix has the capacity to retain the atmospheric contaminants.