HISTÓRIA DA INFÂNCIA E DO BRINQUEDO: UM OLHAR NAS BONECAS KARAJÁ-RITXÒKÒ E BÁRBIE COMO ARTEFATOS CULTURAIS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DAS MENINAS NA ALDEIA BURIDINA.

Abstract

This research aims at contributing to the production about the Childhood and toys history: a reflection on the Karajá - Ritxòkò doll and the Barbie doll as cultural manufactures in the formation of the girls identity at the Aldeia Buridina (Buridina Indian settlement). It has as a main idea three central goals: (1) studying the history of childhood, toys, jokes and the relationships among-with Indian girls in the Indian Settlement (Aldeia Buridina), in Aruanã GO,(Brazil);(2) introducing into academic community s knowledge, and also in population altogether, the question of the Karajá- Ritxòkò doll, besides the expression forms as a Brazil s immaterial cultural patrimony (domain);(3) to understand the historical conditions that made possible the strengthening of ethnical andinterethnical identity in such community, through fomentation in manufacturing the doll in ceramics matter and the inclusion of the Barbie doll into the girls recreations. Initially the research has been directed by the comprehension of historic graphical streams emphasized on cultural history and his link with the focus of this research. At the same time, a search on toys and jokes has been established, in which the study of Karajá-Ritxòkò ceramics doll should get priority together with the American industrialized doll Barbie. Involved in a world of beauty, fortune and adventure, the Barbie doll is immersed in a cultural pedagogy aiming to teach the greatest value of a kind of body, race and consumption conditioning-behavior, the ceramics doll carries elements of Indian culture on its body; the painting of a set of lines drawn and pictures(with meaning) made to accomplish the process of production of pictures in ceramics by women, articulate the symbolic Karajá world and also a creative and proper process derived from external factors as well as those ones attributed by interethnic contact. A bibliography search was made, and the main theoreticians wearable Goff(1990),Braudel(1961),Peter Burke(2008), Ariès(1981),Kuhlmann Jr.(1998),Gélis (1991),Clifford Geertz(2004),Brougère(2004), Walter Benjamin(1987). The methodology consisted in bibliography and field searching.