OS GAVIÕES DA MATA : UMA HISTÓRIA DA RESISTÊNCIA TIMBIRA AO ESTADO.

Abstract

This work is a history about the Gaviões da mata, dating from the first contacts made with them, in the 19th century, until today. The denomination Gaviões da mata features the local groups Akrãtikatêjê, Kỳikatêjê and Parkatêjê, located in the native land Mãe Maria in the Southeast of Pará‟s mesoregion. It tries to recover the cultural elements that deeply link the Gaviões da mata to the timbira native communities located in the Eastern region of the Tocantins river. As such, it seeks to interpret the natives‟ resistance and their contact relations with the conqueror society and the conqueror State. It narrates the Gaviões da mata‟s different strategies adopted in order to battle the integration and emancipation politics promoted towards the natives by the Brazilian State in the 70‟s, when the natives were confined to the native land Mãe Maria. It also discusses further invasions made in the mentioned territory by governmental projects of integration of the Amazon region. It shows how the natives established themselves in the Gavião unit, or, better yet, in the native community Parkatêjê , seeking organization and mobilization through united actions in the search for autonomy and self-determination. Those efforts are made by them through the nut commerce or through the quarrelsome negotiations between them and the State or companies such as Eletronorte and CVRD miner.