CARACTERÍSTICAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS DA HANSENÍASE NO ESTADO DA BAHIA, 2005 – 2015

Abstract

Leprosy is a chronic and infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a bacillus that has high infectivity and low pathogenicity. The present study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in the state of Bahia into period from 2005 to 2015. The type of study was descriptive and quantitative, on leprosy in the period from 2005 to 2015 in the State of Bahia. The study population corresponded to cases of leprosy diagnosed in the State of Bahia. In addition, SINAN data were used and the statistical analyzes were done with the aid of the statistical package SPSS, version 23.0. The level of significance was 5% (p <0.05). Regarding the results, it was observed that in the period from 2005 to 2015, 35,853 cases of leprosy were reported in the state of Bahia, with the majority of them being male (51.9%), in the range of 40-59 (35.0%), Browns (58%), with an incomplete baseline level (61.4%), resided in urban areas (72.1%), dimorphic clinical form (26.9%), MB (57.3%), the degree of physical disability (61.1%), the mode of entry was that of new cases (86.5%), the cure was the main output form (74.5%), the smear was not done in most cases (20.7%) and the initial regimen was MDT / MB (56.5%). Were found in the urban area (72.1%), the dimorphic form (26.9%), multibacillary (MB) (57.3%), the degree of physical incapacity (61.1%), entry was of new cases (86.5%), cure was the main form of exit (74.5%), bacilloscopy was not performed in most cases (20.7%) and the initial therapeutic scheme was MDT / MB (56.5%). The majority of pregnant women were in the second trimester (0.6%). In the history series, the incidence coefficient of the PB form decreased, however, the incidence coefficient of the MB form presented stability (p <0.001). The PB operational classification was more frequent in females (59.9%) and the PQT / PB / 6 doses regimen was the most used; While for males, MB (60.7%) with MDT / MB / 12 doses was the most identified. The general distribution indicated that the MB form was the most incidence in males (p <0.0001). In the study region, the detection rate of leprosy cases / 10,000 inhabitants was very high in the historical series. In the treatment abandonment, the dimorphic clinical form presented the highest number of cases (26.4%). The results indicate an increasing tendency of the incidence coefficient / 100,000 inhabitants to the dimorphic clinical form (R2 = 0.2301; p <0.001) and stability to virchowiana clinical form (R2 = 0.3678; p <0.001). They also indicate that degree II of physical disability presents stability of the incidence coefficient (R2 = 0.0032, p <0.001). From this study it is concluded that leprosy in the State of Bahia is endemic and is still a public health problem.