Os Significados do Atendimento Psicossocial Realizado por Psicólogos dos CREAS de Goiânia às Crianças Vítimas de Abuso Sexual

Abstract

The present study is part of the Stricto Sensu Post-Graduation Program in Psychology of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC Goiás), in the line of research Social, Work and Organizations Psychology. It aims to know the work of Specialized Protection Service for Families and Individuals (PAEFI), trying to seize the used methodologies, as the meanings experienced by these professionals to the performed psychosocial care. In this context, this research was developed, seeking to provoke reflections, expressions, coproduction of meanings in relation to this theme. Therefore, it is based on the socio-historical conception formulated by Vygotsky. It counted on the participation of nine professionals of the area, distributed in the five units of CREAS. Based on the perspective of Socio-historical Psychology, the present study sought to understand the specificity of the phenomenon through the technique of "data triangulation" (MINAYO, 2007). Bibliographical, documentary and empirical research was used as methodological support for the apprehension of the investigated object. The collection of information was initially carried out through the literature available in sources such as: scientific database sites - Portal CAPES, Scielo and BVS; Books, theses, dissertations and periodicals available in print and / or digital format. The documentary research was done through the collection of material, in the Municipal Department of Social Assistance (SEMAS) of the municipality of Goiânia. For the accomplishment of the empirical research, it was worth of two techniques: the simple observation that occurred after the acceptance of the participants; and the semi-structured interview. The systematization of the material collected in this phase was made based on the methodological conception of Nuclei of Meaning (AGUIAR; OZELLA, 2013), composed of three basic steps: pre-indicators, indicators, and core of meaning. The process of analysis is based on the construction of nuclei, in which the constitutive mediations of the subjects were searched, according to their way of thinking, feeling and acting. It was verified that in several aspects of the psychosocial care offered by CREAS / PAEFI, there are numerous challenges for the professionals involved, such as: lack of capacity building for expected performance, lack of physical structure for most units, lack of diverse resources, lack of specialized materials and disarticulation of the city's child care and protection network. The analyses of the present meanings in the speech of the participants revealed that the interviewed psychologists means the sexual abuse like a phenomenon that has always been present in society. However, one of the participants sees the phenomenon like something natural, denying it´s socio-historical dimension. Concerning to theoretical-methodological question, it was possible verify the fragility present in this aspect to achievement of psychosocial activities with children victims of sexual abuse. Concerning to the specificity of caring, most of the interviewed highlight: the dialogue, the bond, the psychosocial and the playful. Concerning to the multidisciplinary team, this one is composed by many areas of knowledge. Concerning to the characteristics of attendance, the interviewed attributed different meanings and emphasized about the importance of having the knowledge about what is psychosocial care, relating this knowledge to the psychologist education, and also about having the clarity of the role to play, like what is of the competence of CREAS. The focus of attendance, the meaning is that the service of psychology offered by CREAS is not constituted in a traditional psychotherapeutic process, but in a psychosocial care, focused both in the individual and in the other members of the family, and wants to effect and guarantee a specialized attendance. The psychologists consider barriers to the attendance are the lack of family support, the lack of material resources, space that propitiate quality care and human resources. And when the mention about how it would be a full attendance, they bring up the question of articulating of attendance network as a crucial point to efficiency of attendance.