Puérperas de Risco para Depressão Pós-Parto

Abstract

This is a quantitative and qualitative approach, the first approach being epidemiological, descriptive of the cross-sectional type and the second, based on the theoretical reference of the Social Representations. We sought to identify the factors associated with the risk for the development of postpartum depression in postpartum women, as well as the specificities experienced from the perspective of the latter. Data collection was done in vaccine rooms of the seven health districts of the city of Goiânia, Goiás. Participants in the first stage of the study were 286 postpartum women, who responded to the sociodemographic data form and then applied the Post- Parturition of Edinburgh, analyzed for risk for PPD, according to scale evaluation score. In the second phase, an open in-depth interview was conducted with 25% of the participants who were part of the previous stage, whose content was processed in the ALCESTE software. The profile of the interviewees was primipara, brown skin color, complete elementary education, cohabitation with the partner, family income above one that a minimum wage. Most refer to planned, desired, and partner-supported gestation throughout the puerperal pregnancy period, as well as absence of a history of depression or DPP in the family. Of the total number of participants, 13.99% of postpartum women presented a risk score for PPD. The dendogram consists of two axes, the first containing three classes, aborting as a whole the maternal experience focusing on the attributions, difficulties and experiences. The second axis, called subjective aspects, has a class in which the senses involved in the process appear. The new attributions imposed by the arrival of the child and the reduced rest period are an important factor of overload, which relief is given by the support of the companion and help of family members in the division of tasks. In the context in which they are perceived, worries and crying without explanation are recurrent highlights. It is concluded that the application of the Edinburgh scale is an important tool to be used as routines for the detection of potential puerperal patients at risk for PPD.