Candidíase vulvovaginal e vaginose bacteriana em mulheres atendidas no ambulatório de ginecologia de um centro de atendimento integral à saúde de Goiânia

Abstract

The normal vaginal flora is composed primarily of Lactobacillus ssp., acting in the protection against the growth of other microorganisms. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) are the main conditions affecting women in reproductive age. These two conditions are developed through changes in the composition of the vaginal flora with a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus ssp., leading to the appearance of abnormal vaginal discharge and several symptoms that cause intense discomfort. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence, socio-demographic, behavioural, clinical pathological characteristics and diagnostic parameters of bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis, in a group of 202 assisted in the gynecology department of the public health system of Goiânia. The prevalence of VB in the group pf women was 27.7% (n = 56) and vulvovaginal candidiasis was 5.4% (n = 11). The sociodemographic and behavioural aspects were not significantly associated with both disorders. Clinical pathological characteristics associated with VB included complaint of vaginal discharge, amine odor and pain during sexual intercourse, while complaining of vaginal discharge, amine odor, itching and burning have been associated with the CVV. Several laboratory parameters were associated with the diagnosis of BV, including the wet-mount microscopic test, Amsel criteria and cytopathology. The parameters associated with the laboratory diagnosis of CVV were those related to the wetmount examination. Based on the results obtained in this study it was concluded that bacterial vaginosis was detected in about a quarter of women evaluated (27.7%), while the vulvovaginal candidiasis was detected in a small portion (5.4%). The two conditions showed characteristic signs and symptoms, and laboratory parameters employed in the diagnosis proved compatible with the two conditions investigated.