Estudo exegético teológico do dilúvio em Gn 6-9: relato sacerdotal com acréscimos tardios

Abstract

The account of Gen 6-9, known as Noah's flood, is a composite narrative of late making and with very comprehensive purposes, beyond a simple integration of the "history of origins". The work of this research contextualizes the account of the deluge in the shifting terrain of the history of the composition of the Pentateuch in general and in particular it questions the sources that make up the narrative of the deluge. The hypothesis demonstrated is that the analysis of the text in question shows a single source of base, the priestly one, for the episode of the flood and some non-priestly fragments, which do not have the minimum essential elements for a complete and independent narrative. The Babylonian exiles came into contact with the flood poems and, at the end of the Babylonian rule, the repatriates, led by the priests, claimed the right to the promised land. They used the priestly narrative of the flood to build up the figure of Noah, who was upright, righteous among his contemporaries, as the receiver of a perennial convenant. If the Mosaic covenant, bilateral and conditioned to its observance, was broken by the people's infidelity, the covenant with Noah is perennial, unilateral, unconditioned, and therefore eternal. This is the Archimedean point from which the reconstruction of a new world can be possible. On the other hand, the remnants of the land also claimed to be the legitimate heirs of the land. They created their traditions and possibly an abridged, oral version of the flood, with a hero with a different name, whose qualities are linked to the soil and the patriarchal cult. Finally, the research seeks, contextualizing the traditions, to highlight the theology of each one of them and their social and political valences in order to national reconstruction