Fatores que contribuem para a manutenção da pessoa idosa no mundo do trabalho no contexto da aposentadoria tardia

Abstract

This dissertation is the result of research on the condition of the elderly working person, public servant, who, even after the minimum age to retire, continues to work or returns to the labor market. The general objective is to apprehend the factors of permanence of the elderly person in the world of work, a new condition in contemporary Brazilian capitalist society, diametrically opposed to the reality of decades ago. In order to achieve the objectives proposed in this work, the socio-historical determinants of elderly men and women workers were investigated, the reasons for the permanence of these people in labor activities were identified and the theme of elderly men and women workers was investigated as a motivator in the academic and scientific debate of the Social service. To this end, bibliographic research was used as a methodological procedure based on themes related to man as an ontological category of the social being, to the social issue, to labor relations, to labor rights, to the Brazilian State and to the Brazilian social security policy, to the political situation and Social Work in the face of the new reality. The documentary analysis dealt with labor laws, in particular, for civil servants and public servants, about decree-laws, statutes and national and international documents on the demand for aging in Brazil and in South American countries. In this work, studies of socio-historical, cultural, political conditions were used, from the 1930s until the year 2020, when the world pandemic crisis of the covid19 was installed. The social conditions of older men and women workers differ due to diverse singularities and social, cultural, economic, gender, family and educational determinations. It was observed that the permanence in the work activities are related to factors such as the subsistence itself and that of family members, in addition to the need to continue the personal and professional projects. This study recognizes that the population aging process is of great relevance for Social Work, since these people are exposed to the social issue, whether in the scope of work, family, society or the State. In addition, in many cases, they continue their work activities because, with retirement, there is a significant loss of economic values. In general, it was concluded that, with the increase in the number of older workers, new responses from the State, society and the family itself are required