O olhar do companheiro no enfrentamento da mastectomia radical de sua companheira: um estudo qualitativo

Abstract

This is a qualitative study that used the methodological framework of Grounded Theory. The objective was to describe the feelings and experiences lived by the partners in the post-radical mastectomy period of their partners. Seventeen partners of mastectomized women participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, one made at the participating institution, and the others by video call via whatsapp or regular phone call, this because we consider the current health context, involving the COVID-19 pandemic. The systematized process of data analysis allowed the construction of two categories together with their subcategories: 1) Breast cancer and mastectomy. Subcategories: Describing the meanings of the breast and change in physical appearance for women; The meanings of breast and change in physical appearance according to partners; Highlighting the qualities of the partner in the face of breast cancer and mastectomy. 2) Challenges described by the partner in the face of breast cancer and mastectomy. Subcategories: Difficulty of the partner in taking over and contributing to household chores; Facing challenges with a focus on faith; Lack of information about breast cancer and mastectomy; The couple's sexuality. Breast cancer and a complex surgical procedure such as a radical mastectomy bring several changes to the woman and her partner, from the diagnosis and confirmation of the disease to moments of despair in carrying out the treatment, negatively impacting the couple's life, generating changes in their everyday activities. These husbands begin to take care of their wives, having difficulties in reconciling care with work activities and domestic tasks, which in the future will lead to scarcity of financial resources. Another challenge posed by breast cancer and mastectomy was in sexuality, which had several consequences in the woman's life, reflecting on the intimate relationship with her partner, demanding strategies to maintain an active and pleasurable sex life. To overcome the difficulties and challenges imposed by this neoplasm and its treatments, the companions highlighted the attachment to faith in God as a way to alleviate pain and suffering. Thus, this research brings as main benefits the awareness of health professionals to perform a dignified reception and humanized support to the partners of women with mastectomy. And it will also contribute to the application of these results in public practices and policies, enabling health care approaches that include spouses