Análise da correlação do tempo de admissão hospitalar de adultos e idosos que foram a óbito pela COVID-19 e características sociodemográficas e clínicas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: From December 2019 to April 30, 2022, in the world, for every 1 million inhabitants, 792 died from COVID-19 and the case fatality rate for the disease was 1.21%. In Brazil, in this same period, for every 1 million Brazilians, 3,092 died from the disease and the case fatality rate was 2.18%. Considering the pandemic context, the risk factors evidenced in the literature and their gaps, and the high mortality rate in the population from COVID-19, this study is the first study analyzing the sociodemographic and clinical profile of adults and elderly people who died from the disease. COVID-19 in the State of Goiás. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between the time of admission of adults and elderly people who died at Hospital de Campanha in 2020. METHOD: This is an analytical cross-sectional study with analysis of electronic medical records of 477 adult and elderly patients admitted and diagnosed with COVID-19 and who died in 2020. Electronic medical records of patients aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with COVID-19, who died from the disease and resided in the State of Goiás were included. The variables of interest were age, sex, municipality of residence, first symptoms of the disease, time of admission, length of stay, admission to the intensive care unit, pulmonary involvement, findings on computed tomography and previous comorbidities. The sociodemographic variables were presented using descriptive statistics and comparison, correlation and binary logistic regression analyzes were performed to determine the association between the variables of interest. RESULTS: Most participants were male (61.4%), aged between 60 and 69 years (30.6%), with a mean age of 67 years ± 14 years, living in the interior of the State of Goiás (61.6%), presenting symptoms such as dyspnea (77.4%) and cough (59.3%), referring to systemic arterial hypertension (61.6%) and diabetes (34.0%) as comorbidities. The mean time of admission was 8 days, and the mean length of hospital stay was 13 days. When comparing the length of stay considering sociodemographic and clinical variables of the population, the variables ¿age group¿ and ¿dyspnea¿ had a statistically significant influence. In the correlation between clinical characteristics and time of hospital admission, the number of diseases and the number of symptoms had a statistically significant influence. CONCLUSION: Identifying the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 can help in making appropriate decisions and actions to control the pandemic. In addition, the results found in this study can serve as support for health professionals and as an alert for the general population, not only for the classic symptoms of the disease, but also for the less recurrent manifestations, to guarantee the detection and early intervention, reducing the risk of disease worsening