O mal, o bem e o sumo bem na teodicéia agostiniana: uma análise comparativa

Abstract

The relationship between the moral condition and the origin of evil is extremely intimate. The pre-Socratic Greek philosophers, and especially the classical ones, stopped at length in the reflection of this controversial theme to the point of producing a vast literature. This apparently insoluble problem has crossed the centuries since without having found an answer that would resolve the debates and make an end to the subject. Christianity entered the discussion to present an alternative version from a different interpretive perception. The official spokesman for the problem "moral versus evil" was St. Augustine, who appropriated some Platonic points for the development of his vision. This Dissertation aims to retake the contribution of the Augustinian metaphysical philosophy, using the interpretations of some commentators which will be compiled for better absorption and better investigation by the reader. With this, it is intended to bring to the attention of the present ones interested in the moral question, which are troubled with the evil that rages in the social plagues in all the levels, the proposal of the philosophical-Christian thought that, in turn, purposely, of the naivety customarily observed in religion, but which does not exclude the element of hope from the hegemony of good over evil