O USO DE INSTRUMENTOS DE APOIO À INOVAÇÃO PELO SETOR PRODUTIVO DE GOIÁS (2000-2013).

Abstract

Innovation boosts economic performance - motto that sums up the thought of the vast majority of companies surveyed. Despite the recognition of the importance of innovative actions for competitiveness, this study proves the insistence of the old question of the distance between what is said and what is done. Between this speech and reality, difficulties immobilize the actions and justify the low commitment to establish routines (operative and strategic) selection of choices and search for new routines. In this context it was propitious to dwell on the subject of this research: Determining factors for the limited use of support instruments to innovation by the productive sector of Goiás which are in the objectives: (i) to verify the role of the structural characteristics of the productive sector in innovation strategies of companies; (ii) to examine what is the importance of universities and research institutes in the formulation of programs and projects to facilitate access to new technologies; (iii) to analyze the limits and problems of existing government support instruments. Empirical data were examined according to the qualitative approach, which were collected through semi-structured interviews with the use of the Technological Platform of FUNTEC that allowed to systematize the information on innovation in the State of Goiás and to advance the objectives. The data collected and systematized on the innovation of the participating companies of the Technology Platform and organized in the group of companies included in the financial development of the major agencies such as FAPEG (local), FINEP and BNDES enabled us to understand which activities could be the ones to induce together with the companies that do not access or compete for grants available for the development of activities that promote innovation in Goiás. The research points to the need for a closer interaction of the entrepreneur with the improvement of the processes of innovation management, profile of self-knowledge and the possible innovation potential that the company has. As the objectives outlined have the role of the structural characteristics of the productive sector in the innovation strategies of the companies and describes the importance recognized by the respondents of approach between the implementation of the activities of Research and Development (R & D) in the company and encouraging forms of agglomerations, poles, clusters and research networks. Regarding to the limits and problems of existing government support instruments it was found that the main difficulties reported by the companies that were successful in finding resources were the company s culture to innovate and build partnerships . Both are partially solved with work incentives in collaborative networks, caused simply by inducing notices and other government support also described its absence as one of the difficulties in promoting innovation. Data collection analyzed made it possible to discuss about the generators or hinder innovation activities of companies of Goiás. Goiás is no exception to the parameters of the dynamics of innovation. From the point of view of the supply, the State still does not have a great support instruments to innovation, depending basically on the national policy. It is necessary to rebalance the macroeconomic policy so that the public financing of actions, inducing innovation in the private sector, can acquire systemic dimensions, being no longer just specific actions. It is also necessary to reduce the possibility of financial gains of companies to encourage them to take risks through innovative activities. At the same time, the public power with its financing instruments should increase the share of the risk of innovation with the companies, via mechanisms such as economic subsidies, equalized credit (subsidized) and partnerships between companies and national technological and scientific institutions, as contended by the FINEP, which is the main financing agency for innovation.