A EXPERIÊNCIA DA ENFERMIDADE DE PESSOAS IDOSAS QUE VIVENCIAM A FASE CRÔNICA DO ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL.

Abstract

Stroke stands out among the chronic conditions that are prevalent in the elderly population, recognized as a major cause of death in developed and developing countries, and a major cause of changes in overall function. In addition to causing losses, dysfunction and permanent changes to the daily lives of the affected elderly and their families, stroke leads to a significant demand for long-term care, which requires continuity of care throughout recovery and rehabilitation from the health care system. The purpose of this qualitative research a case study was to describe the illness experience for the elderly experiencing the chronic phase of stroke. The sample consisted of sixteen people: eleven older adults and five family members. Direct observations and semi-structured interviews were performed for data collection at their homes. Themes related to changes in the lives of older adults after stroke were identified during data analysis and interpretation, including impairments in functional independence and social relationships, and weaknesses in obtaining access to health care services. The most frequent feelings were: fear (of dying, getting worse, having a new stroke, requiring hospitalization), insecurity (for activities of daily living and the maintenance of financial life), shame, depression, apathy and sadness. Difficulties maintaining social activities, related to their inability to work, walk and travel were mentioned. Both the elderly and their families experienced limitations with care related to communication with health care professionals (lack of dialogue and information on the continuity of care) and access to rehabilitation services, appointments and tests required after stroke. It was found that, in the chronic phase of the disease, there were disruptions in the welcoming connection with the health care services, deficit in the continuity of care due to lack of communication among the health care hierarchy, and lack of monitoring of the families and the clinical condition and quality of life of the elderly. The current model of health care requires substantial changes to ensure the universality and comprehensiveness of care for the elderly who have experienced stroke, in order to promote adequate rehabilitation, as well as social and community reintegration.