O ensino de inglês como língua estrangeira na educação básica: uma análise de abordagens e metodologias

Abstract

This thesis is linked to the Line of Research Theories of Education and Pedagogical Processes, of the Postgraduate Program in Education at PUC Goiás. The general theme of the research was the teaching of English in Basic Education, aiming to identify and analyze the approaches and methods of that language in Basic Education, present in academic research. The text brought, in chapter 1, the historical trajectory of teaching this language and the corresponding legislation in the Brazilian educational system, the current framework of teaching in schools. In chapter 2, the teaching of English as a Foreign Language approaches and methodologies were presented. Chapter 3 presented and discussed the data collected in the bibliographic research and analyzed the selected material. The general objective of the research was to analyze, through bibliographic research, articles, dissertations and theses that dealt with the teaching of English in Brazilian Basic Education. Queries were made in the databases of Capes' Portal of Journals, Scielo's Portal of Journals and Google Scholar from 2010 to 2020. The specific objectives were: to identify in databases, dissertations and theses works focused on the theme of teaching English. as a Foreign Language in Basic Education; search in this material for records and comments about teaching approaches and methodologies; compose a final picture of the English teaching approaches and methodologies present in empirical research on this teaching in schools in comparison with the previous studies that systematized these approaches and methodologies. In order to achieve the objectives, a bibliographic search of indirect documentation was initially carried out, aiming at analyzing and discussing its content. It can be seen that 248 (two hundred and forty-eight) works were found in the researched databases, of which 15 (fifteen) were selected, most directly related to the research objective. The themes were classified, for analysis and discussion of the content, in two categories: Approaches in teaching English as a Foreign Language and Methodologies for teaching English as a Foreign Language. The results obtained reveal that the teaching of the English Language in Brazilian Basic Education does not meet the current training needs, that the methodologies used in the vast majority are traditional but, at the same time, there are signs of change that indicate 14 the relevance of the communicative approach in the perspective of historical-cultural theory, the importance of digital literacies aimed at reading multimodal texts and the role of interculturality