A acessibilidade em edifícios e em espaços públicos tombados na Cidade de Goiás - Estado de Goiás: obras do PAC Cidades Históricas

Abstract

Historic cities were built in times with needs and contexts that differed from current ones, without taking into account the diversity of users' capabilities and limitations. The lack of accessibility for people with disabilities is an inheritance with present consequences. Compliance with legislation regarding the preservation of historical heritage and accessibility is a challenge. However, it cannot be an obstacle to the access of these people, historically deprived of so many rights. According to the 2010 Demographic Census, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), of the resident population in the country, more than 45 (forty-five) million Brazilians have at least one of the deficiencies investigated: visual, auditory, motor and mental or intellectual, which justifies the research. Through the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) Historic Cities, created in 2013, the city of Goiás, the main object of this research, was contemplated with the execution of 06 (six) restoration and requalification projects. However, the objective was to verify the perception about the guarantee of accessibility in buildings and in public spaces listed, maintaining the preservation of historical heritage, based on popular opinion, of public agents and technical responsible, on the theme, after execution. The methodology used constituted qualitative and exploratory research, initially encompassing the literature review of the literature on the subject, visiting historic cities, presenting photographs and analyzing official documents and current regulations that regulate it, including constitutional principles. Allied, at the same time, a field research was carried out, with the application of three different questionnaires. The results show that, despite Brazil having vast legislation regarding accessibility and historical heritage - considered rigid, with penalties foreseen in case of infractions -, there are challenges in complying with the rules. It was found, among other conclusions, that the works did not have specific accessibility projects and that the few accessibility resources available give the community the false feeling of an accessible place, especially for those who do not need them. The urban setting is critical in historic sites. However, it is necessary to build a better social conscience, and, consequently, allow the dignified access of these people in all spaces