Determinação dos ensaios de laboratório e parâmetros para a normatização da argamassa para impressão 3D

Abstract

The use of automation technologies can provide tools that improve the performance of civil construction companies by optimizing their processes. Studies on the application of the 3D printer in construction have grown a lot in recent years due to the unique characteristics such as cost reduction, versatility, minimal waste and elimination of formwork. The present work identifies, among the most recent research, characteristics and primordial parameters that the researchers are analyzing, such as: compositions and granulometry of the mortar, actions of chemical additives, characterization of the rheological behavior, workability, printing capacity and mechanical properties, so that the mortar be considered suitable for use in digital construction. In addition, it presents an illustrative scheme of the mortar printing process, from mixing to final construction. It also presents the main results achieved by other authors of mortar tests in the fresh and hardened state, as well as the results of specific tests during and after extrusion. This dissertation therefore aims to determine the tests to which the mortar for 3D printing must be submitted to guarantee resistance, quality and safety characteristics. For this, a survey of mortar tests in the fresh and hardened state was carried out to then propose tables to serve as a reference for designing the impression of a popular house. The hierarchical test scheme suggested for the evaluation of the digital mortar proved to be positive and essential for the characterization at each stage. The 3D printing simulation effectively contributes to choosing the format of the extruder nozzle as well as a speed at which you will be able to print a house of 35.53 m² in the shortest possible time. The rheological and mechanical characteristics pointed out in this dissertation, as well as particular parameters of additive manufacturing, contribute to the standardization of the test methods of a 3D construction, in order to present quality