Economia informal no Brasil: desafios e possibilidades

Abstract

The presente dissertation aims to analyse the forms of informal economy in the brazilian state capitals, with particular focus on the concessions of public areas to "Pitdogs" (small fastfood establishments located on side walks, squares and parks) and similar establishments. This research approaches the formation process of the informal economy, the sectors of the economy involved in it and how this on a whole affects society and the economy. The study analysis the concession of public spaces for informal economic activities. The aim of this dissertation is to deepen the understanding of the informal economy of Brazil, going from a unique perspective of the subject, particularly focusing on the challenges and perspectives associated with this form of work, providing relevant information to public officials, academic researchers and all who have interest in the subject. The methodology used to reach the proposed aims was the descriptive bibliographical research, encompassing the revision of the known literature and the review of the available statistical data on the matter. The study evaluates the pros and cons of granting the use of public spaces to informal economic activities and how this kind of establishment operates in this space. This academic work brings attention to the importance of effective and inclusive public laws for the support of the informal economy and the promotion of social justice. The informal sector of the Brazilian economy is made up of goods and services economic producing units whose main purpose is to be an occupation and source of revenue to the people involved. These units, generally, operate in a low level of organisation, with little or none division between labor and capital as production factors, mostly of small scale. The subject under scrutiny is the case of the "Pitdogs", a very popular kind of establishment in Brazil, accountable for a considerable part of the informal workers without official registration (CNPJ), including the familiar work force supporting these establishments. Even considering some challenges, the informal economy offers work opportunities in a range of economic activities and enables in some cases the flexibility of the working day for the workers to better adjust their necessities and personal responsibilities. However, the implementation of public laws to support informal workers and promote the transition to the formal economy is of great importance. This may include the simplification of the registration process of small enterprises, the offering of professional training for the development of informal workers, and the creation of regulations to improve the conditions and safety of work. We finish the study discussing the regularisation of the informal economy in public spaces, elaborating on public law and social inclusion, successful international cases of regularisation of informal economic activities and possible paths Brazil could take. The research suggests some measures whose implementation could balance the necessity for regulation with the necessary flexibility to informal entrepreneurs