O intelectual do direito formado no terceiro quartel do Século XX: o significado de sua atuação profissional em Goiás

Abstract

This thesis examines, from a Gramscian perspective, the role of the intellectuals formed by the Law Faculty at the Catholic and Federal Universities from 1950 to 1975, and the professional acts to the organization of the social, political and educational life of Goiás. In order to build an interpretation of the object of this study, it examines: the university and the judicial institutes from which they originated; the effects of the Military Dictatorship and other events on the formation and role of the said intellectuals; the ways in which Gramsci proceeds in designing his categories of extended state (political society and civil society), which include “political society”, “civil society”, “hegemony”, “intellectuals”, “cultural organization”, “structure” and “superstructure”. It also examines when an intellectual comes into being and how a political-social subject becomes part of this process. I infer from the reports of the interviews conducted with the subjects of the research that the Law intellectuals selected for the interviews are part of a wider group of intellectuals in the field (graduates of the same Catholic and Federal Universities) who come close as a professional class (lawyer and lawyer-professor) to Gramsci’s “organic” intellectual, and, as such, fits into the category of “functioning organic intellectual”. I also infer that the different political-professional practices lived out by the law intellectuals, subjects of this research, were highly significant in the organization of the social, political and educational life of the state of Goiás, to such an extent that, when associated with other similar practices, they contributed towards constituting the structures and superstructures of civil society which, as a rule, hegemonically ends up endorsing the “political society”, which for Gramsci is the same as the State.