A infância brasileira e os direitos de provisão, participação e proteção: projetos em disputa no tensionamento do estatuto da criança e do adolescente

Abstract

This study falls within the Research Line Education, Society, and Culture and in the CNPq-PUC Goiás Research Directory (GEPCEI) - Study and Research Group on Culture and Education in Childhood. The thesis addresses tensions, challenges, and projects related to the protection, provision, and participation rights of children in Brazil, especially in the face of the influence of the far-right Bolsonaro movement and the project to revise the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA). The research is relevant to the academic context, contributing to childhood studies, law, and public policies by analyzing the disputes surrounding these rights. Additionally, it highlights the impact of actions by the far-right Bolsonaro movement on society, leading to polarization and controversy. The objective is to understand the project disputes involving organized civil society and the far-right Bolsonaro movement regarding the ECA revision. The research methodology is exploratory, based on a literature review. The work is structured into four chapters: the first explores the conception of childhood/child as social constructions, as well as social vulnerability, emphasizing the need for the implementation and maintenance of their rights. The second chapter analyzes the human and social rights of children, strained by the rule of law as State Policy. The third chapter examines the role of civil society, the importance of children and adolescents as rights holders, and addresses the destructive policies of the Bolsonaro government. The fourth chapter focuses on the project of the far-right Bolsonaro movement, highlighting challenges and threats to childhood rights in the current political landscape, the battlegrounds within the context of children's rights. The concluding remarks emphasize the evolution of childhood conceptions in Brazil, influenced by legal and social frameworks, emphasizing the importance of historical and social context in characterizing childhood. The research also underscores the need to address childhood from a perspective interconnected with class contradictions. In the current context, the thesis highlights concerns about the violation of the rights of children and adolescents under the Bolsonaro government, emphasizing the importance of protecting them, especially in vulnerable groups. As a result, the defended thesis and the outlined notes allow us to state that we are facing a crusade for childhood: some to place it in silence and in the realm of loss/absence of rights, and others in its defense as a subject, as a child, as a citizen. The research emphasizes the role of civil society in defending these rights and the need for public policies that ensure the healthy development of children and adolescents, following the principles established by the ECA